François Blanc
Umuyobozi wa kazino wakuyeho zeru ebyiriubwokoZeru ebyiriAkazu ka 00 k'uruziga rw'Abanyamerika. Kuba gahari bizamura inyungu ya kazino kuva kuri 2,70% kugeza kuri 5,26%.Soma byose →, kandi wari uzi neza icyo byari gukora.

François Blanc (1806–1877) yazanye uruziga rwa zeru imwe i Bad Homburg mu 1843 kugira ngo arushe igiciro kazino zo mu yindi mijyi y'amazi ashyushye bahanganye, hanyuma yubaka Monte Carlo kuri urwo ruziga. “Impano” yahaye abakinnyi yari igabanywa ry'igiciro ryamuhesheje umugabane munini w'isoko.
Mbere ya Homburg
François n'impanga ye Louis batangiye ari abacuruzi b'impapuro z'agaciro (speculators) i Bordeaux mu myaka ya 1830, aho bahamijwe icyaha cyo guha ruswa abakozi ba telegaramu kugira ngo bamenye ibiciro by'impapuro z'umwenda (bonds) z'i Paris mbere y'isoko, kimwe mu by'ambere byo kunguka ku makuru umuntu amenya mbere y'abandi. Nyuma y'igihano gito binjiye mu bucuruzi bwa kazino, mbere na mbere muri Luxembourg, hanyuma bahabwa uruhushya rw'umujyi muto w'amazi ashyushye wa Bad Homburg mu 1841.

Zeru imwe
Homburg yahanganaga n'imijyi y'amazi ashyushye yari isanzwe izwi ya Baden-Baden na Wiesbaden, inziga zayo zari zifite zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icyatsi katafatwa n'itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi, irya dazeni cyangwa iry'inkingi; ni ho inyungu ya kazino ikomoka. Nanone: zeru imwe, 0.Soma byose → ebyiri. Aba Blanc bamamaje uruziga rufite imwe. Inyungu ya kazinoimibareInyungu ya kazinoIgice cya buri tega kazino igumana ku mpuzandengo: 2,70% muri roulette y'i Burayi.Soma byose → yamanutse iva kuri 5,26% igera kuri 2,70%, kandi kwamamaza kwabaye ukwizana: kazino yonyine mu Burayi aho amahirwe y'umukinnyi yikubye kabiri. Abakinnyi baraje, Homburg irakura, kandi abo bahanganye amaherezo barabakurikiye. Ntabwo byari ubuntu. Byari igabanywa ry'igiciro ku isoko aho igicuruzwa cyari kimwe kandi igiciro ari cyo cyonyine cyashoboraga guhindurwa.
Monaco
Ubwo Prussia yigaruriraga Hesse-Homburg mu 1866 maze urusimbi rwo mu Budage rugahagarikwa buhoro buhoro (ameza ya nyuma yafunzwe mu 1872), Blanc yari yaramaze kwimuka. Yaguze uruhushya rwa Monaco rwari rurimo guhomba mu 1863, ashora imari muri gari ya moshi no mu mahoteli, maze ayobora kazino nk'ahantu ho kuruhukira aho kuba icyumba cy'imikino gusa. Zeru imwe yazanye na we maze iba ihame mu Burayi. Umuryango wa Blanc wagumanye umugabane ku nyungu za kazino ya Monaco mu bisekuru byinshi; umukobwa we yashakanye n'umwe mu bikomangoma bya Radziwiłł, n'umwuzukuru we ashakana n'uwo mu muryango wa Bonaparte.
Avukira i Courthézon, Vaucluse, ari impanga na Louis.
Bordeaux: ubucuruzi bw'impapuro z'agaciro, ruswa ku bakozi ba telegaramu, guhamwa n'icyaha.
Uruhushya rwa Bad Homburg.
Uruziga rwa zeru imwe ruzanwa i Homburg.
Agura uruhushya rwa Monaco; ashinga Société des Bains de Mer.
Gari ya moshi ijya i Monte Carlo itangira gukora.
Kazino z'u Budage zirafungwa; Monte Carlo ni yo mikino yonyine isigaye ku mugabane.
Apfira mu Busuwisi, ari umwe mu bantu bakize kurusha abandi mu Burayi.
Icyo yari yarasobanukiwe
Ko inyungu ya kazino ari igiciro, ko abakinnyi bagereranya ibiciro n'iyo badashobora kubibara, kandi ko igiciro gito gifite abakiriya benshi kirusha igiciro kinini gifite abakiriya bake. Inyungu za Monte Carlo kuri 2,70% zarushije cyane iza Homburg kuri 5,26% kuko hari abakinnyi benshi, ameza menshi n'amazunguruka menshi. Imibare y'igihombo giteganyijweimibareIgihombo giteganyijweAgaciro gateganyijwe gakubye amafaranga yose yategewe; igihombo mpuzandengo mu mukino umwe cyangwa mu gihe runaka.Soma byose → (inyungu ya kazino × amafaranga yose yategeweamafarangaAmafaranga yose yategeweAmafaranga yose yategewe mu mukino umwe cyangwa mu gihe runaka, harimo n'intsinzi zongeye gutegwa. Nanone: handle, action.Soma byose →) yari uburyo bwe bw'ubucuruzi mbere y'uko hagira uwuyandikira abakinnyi.
Umurage
Buri ruziga rwa zeru imwe ku isi ni urwa Blanc. Ni na ko bimeze ku kazino y'iki gihe nk'ahantu ho kuruhukira: igitekerezo cy'uko kazino ari igice kimwe cy'aho abantu bajya, hamwe n'amahoteli, inzu ya opera na sitasiyo ya gari ya moshi. Uruziga rw'Abanyamerika rwagumanye zeru ya kabiri kuko nta Blanc wahageze ngo arushe igiciro; uruziga rwa zeru eshatu rwo mu 2016 ni intambwe ihabanye n'iyo, yatewe aho abakinnyi batari bafite Monte Carlo yo kugereranya na yo.
Uruziga n'Amategeko bya Roulette y'AbanyamerikaRoulette ya Zeru Eshatu
Ibibazo
Ni we wayizanye akayimenyekanisha. Inziga za zeru imwe zishobora kuba zarageragejwe mbere; Homburg yabigize politiki.
Ahubwo byabaye ibinyuranye. Umubare w'amatega wazamutse kurusha uko inyungu kuri buri tega yagabanutse.
Ni akazina umunyamakuru yamuhaye kubera guhindura umujyi muto w'amazi ashyushye umurwa mukuru w'urusimbi mu Burayi mu myaka icumi.
Akanya k'urwenya

Igabanywa ry'igiciro, si impano. Ubwinshi bw'abakinnyi bwakoze ibisigaye.
Inkomoko
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.