Richard Jarecki: Uburyo bwa Roulette

Umuganga ukomoka i Stettin

Richard Wilhelm Jarecki yavutse ku wa 1 Ukuboza 1931 i Stettin, icyo gihe yari mu Budage none ubu ni Szczecin muri Polonye. Se yari umuganga w'indwara z'uruhu kandi umuryango wa nyina wari ufite ikigo cy'ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi. Umuryango wari uw'Abayahudi kandi wavuye mu Budage mu mpera z'imyaka ya 1930. Yakuriye muri Asbury Park, New Jersey, yiga muri Duke University, maze asubira mu Budage kwiga ubuvuzi, abona impamyabumenyi i Heidelberg mu 1958. Yashakanye na Carol Fuhse, umuforomokazi watojwe gutera ikinya, mu 1964. Mu 1967 bimukiye i Heidelberg, aho yakoze ubushakashatsi mu buvuzi bushingiye ku butabera (forensic medicine) muri kaminuza. Uko we ubwe yasobanuye umwanya we mu 1969 ni umushakashatsi wungirije, nubwo ibinyamakuru byamugize porofeseri.

Uburyo

Inkuru y'uburyo bwa roulette bwa Richard Jarecki ikomoka ku nkuru Carol Jarecki yatanze mu 2018. Bombi n'abafasha bake bandikaga igisubizo cya buri zunguruka ry'uruziga bahisemo, bashaka imibare itsinda kenshi kurusha uko ikwiye kubera inenge nto y'ikorwa cyangwa y'isaza. Uruziga rumwe rwashoboraga gutwara amazunguruka arenga 10.000 n'igihe kigera ku kwezi, kandi inziga zimwe ntizerekanaga ikintu gikwiye gutegwaho. Ntiyavugaga ko ari ibishya: “It isn’t something he invented. It’s something he perfected.” (Si ikintu yahimbye. Ni ikintu yanogeje.)

Bakinnye muri kazino mirongo, harimo Monte Carlo, Divonne-les-Bains, Baden-Baden na Sanremo, aho yabaye umukiriya uhoraho. U Burayi bwaramuberaga kuko inziga zabwo zifite zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icyatsi katafatwa n'itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi, irya dazeni cyangwa iry'inkingi; ni ho inyungu ya kazino ikomoka. Nanone: zeru imwe, 0.Soma byose → imwe, utuzuibikoreshoAkazuKamwe mu tuzu 37 twanditseho imibare turi kuri rotor. Nanone: slot, cup.Soma byose → 37 aho kuba 38. Inkuru yo muri Gashyantare 1969 yanditse kurupiyeabantuKurupiye (croupier)Kurupiye uyobora ameza ya roulette.Soma byose → w'i Sanremo avuga ko atigeze akina wenyine: yayoboraga ameza atanu cyangwa atandatu icyarimwe, afite abantu hafi icumi bashyiraga amatega kandi bakamumenyesha imibare.

Yize kandi gutandukanya uruziga n'urundi. Abakozi b'i Sanremo bavuze ko umugoroba umwe bimuye ameza yose; yamaze igihe kirekire ahagaze, yayobewe, hanyuma ajya neza ku meza yari yakiniyeho. Uko Carol Jarecki abisobanura ni uko yari yarafashe mu mutwe udusate n'imirongo.

Kuki amazunguruka ibihumbi icumi

Mu mazunguruka 10.000 y'uruziga rutabogamye rwa zeru imwe, buri mubare usohoka hafi incuro 270, wongereho cyangwa ukuremo 16. Umubare wagaragaye incuro 319 uba uri imbere ho ibyo “wongereho cyangwa ukuremo” bitatu, kandi amahirwe hafi ntajya abikora. Utsinda rimwe mu mazunguruka hafi 31, kandi kuri 35 kuri 1 itega kuri wo ryinjiza 15%.

Noneho fata amazunguruka 1.000. Umubare utabogamye usohoka hafi incuro 27, wongereho cyangwa ukuremo 5, kandi hamwe n'imibare 37 ku ruziga, ufite amahirwe kurusha iyindi ubusanzwe uzaba ufite incuro 37 cyangwa zirenga. Ibyo bisa n'umubare ushyushyeigihuhaUmubare ushyushyeUmubare wasohotse kenshi kurusha uko byari biteganyijwe vuba aha. Ku ruziga rutabogamye nta cyo uteganya.Soma byose → ariko nta cyo bisobanura. Ukwezi ko kwandika ni igiciro cyo gutandukanya akazu gafite inenge n'akagize amahirwe. Reba Ingano y'Icyitegererezo.

Igihuha: Imibare Igeze Igihe

Ibitazwi

Nta nkomoko ivuga imibare yategagaho, ingano yayo, amafaranga yategaga cyangwa ingano y'inyungu ye. Barnhart, wanditse igice cy'igitabo cyonyine kimuvugaho, avuga ko inenge y'i Sanremo yaturukaga ku nziga zifite ibitandukanya utuzu bigufi; ishingiro ry'ibyo ntiritangwa. Aho amafaranga ye yo gutega yavaga na ho ntihanditswe. Abajijwe mu 1969, yavuze ko yakinaga akoresheje intsinzi ze.

Inkuru ya mudasobwa

Jarecki yabwiye abanyamakuru ko akazi kakorwaga na mudasobwa yo muri University of London, yahamagaraga buri joro ayibwira imibare y'umunsi; Barnhart avuga ko iyo mashini yari Atlas yakoreshwaga n'inshuti ze. Inkuru y'urupfu rwe yo mu 2018 ivuga yeruye ko nta bufasha bwa elegitoronike bwari buhari, kwitegereza gusa, kandi Barnhart yita ibisobanuro bya mudasobwa inkuru mpimbano yayobeje abayobozi ba kazino, polisi y'urusimbi n'abaturage.

Ibyo we ubwe yavugaga byagiye bihinduka. Muri Gashyantare 1969 yabwiye ikinyamakuru cy'i Trieste ko yakoresheje mudasobwa igihe runaka, gusa kugira ngo yirinde imibare myinshi, kandi ko mudasobwa idatekereza cyangwa ngo ihimbe. Mu kiganiro n'ikinyamakuru cyo muri Gicurasi 1969 yatanze uburyo bushingiye ku mibare itatu iheruka gusohoka, ibyo atari uko uruziga rubogamyelaboratwariUruziga rubogamyeUruziga rufite inenge z'umubiri zituma utuzu tumwe tugira amahirwe arenze 1/37. Ni gake, kandi rutahurwa gusa n'amazunguruka ibihumbi byanditswe.Soma byose → rukinwa na gato. Icyo gihe Sanremo yari yaramaze kumubwira ibisobanuro byoroshye kurushaho: ko yatsindaga kuko yari azi uko inziga zayo zari zishaje. Yarabihakanye.

Mudasobwa za Roulette

Sanremo, itumba rya 1969

Ibyumweru byo mu mwuga we bifite inyandiko nyinshi kurusha ibindi ni ibi. Umujyi ni wo wayoboraga kazino, bityo inama njyanama y'umujyi ni yo yagiraga ijambo rya nyuma.

Icyo abayobozi bavuze

Amagambo ye ku ibuzwa ni yo yamaze igihe kirekire kurusha ayandi: “If casino managers don’t like to lose, they should sell vegetables.” (Niba abayobozi ba kazino badakunda guhomba, bagombye gucuruza imboga.) Inkuru y'ikinyamakuru yo muri Gicurasi 1969 yasubiyemo amagambo ya Robert Lardera, yise umuyobozi mukuru wa kazino, avuga ko yari “ikibangamiye kazino zose zo mu Burayi”. Izindi nkomoko zivuga ko umuyobozi icyo gihe yari Luigi Bartolini, uvugwa yita Jarecki umugabo mwiza cyane ufite ubwenge busobanutse n'imitsi ikomeye. Jarecki yavuze mu 1969 ko kazino nyinshi zari zaramusabye mu ibanga kutagaruka, kandi ko nta n'imwe yari yaramutegetse kugenda. Carol Jarecki yavuze nyuma y'igihe kirekire ko kubuzwa burundu byabaga gake, kuko yagiranaga ubucuti n'abakozi.

Ingano y'ibyo yatsinze

Buri mubare ni ibivugwa, kandi ntibihuye.

Icyo kazino zahinduye

Sanremo yimuye ameza yayo, ariko ibyo ntibyamuhagaritse. Inkuru y'urupfu rwe yo mu 2018 ivuga ko nyuma yaho yasimbuje inziga hafi makumyabiri n'enye, kandi ibyo byaramuhagaritse. Yongeraho ko muri rusange inziga zatangiye gukorwa neza kurushaho, zifite inenge nke zo kuboneka, kandi ko inyungu ye yagiye ishira. Nta nkomoko yerekana kazino yategetse inziga nziza kubera we, kandi nta ukora inziga uvugwa izina.

Gupima Uruziga mu Buryo bw'Umubiri

Nyuma ya roulette

Agarutse muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yacuruzaga amasezerano y'ibicuruzwa by'igihe kizaza (commodity futures) ku giti cye, ahanini ifeza na zahabu, kandi akomeza gukina roulette na blackjack i Las Vegas n'i Atlantic City. Ahagana mu 1998 yimukiye i Manila, kazino zaho akaba yarazikundaga kurusha izindi. Yapfiriyeyo ku wa 25 Nyakanga 2018, afite imyaka 86. Nk'uko umugore we abivuga, yari aheruka gukina mu Ukuboza wabanje, mu irushanwa i Manila, kandi yabaye uwa mbere.

Ibibazo