Ese Washobora Gutsinda Roulette? Uko Watsinda muri Roulette
Watsinda ute muri roulette? Si ukoresheje uburyo bwo gutega. Birashoboka, mu mateka, ukoresheje uruziga rufite inenge cyangwa kurupiye ukora ibiteganywa, kandi ari uko gusa ushyizemo imbaraga nyinshi cyane.
Uburyo bwo gutega ntibushobora gutsinda roulette: agaciro gateganyijweimibareAgaciro gateganyijweIgisubizo mpuzandengo kuri buri tega mu gihe kirekire. −1/37 y'itega kuri buri tega risanzwe ry'i Burayi.Soma byose → karateranywa kandi buri tega riri munsi ya zeru. Intsinzi zonyine zanditswe zaturutse ku gukoresha fiziki, si amashusho y'ibisubizo.
Impamvu uburyo bwo gutega bunanirwa
Buri tega rifite EV = −1/37 y'itega ryaryo. Uruhererekane urwo ari rwo rwose rw'amatega, uko rwaba rwahiswemo kose rushingiye ku bisubizo byahise, rufite EV = −1/37 y'ibyategewe byose. Iyi ni theorem ku biteranyo by'ibintu bitunguranye (random variables), si ikintu cyabonetse uburyo bwiza kurushaho bwashobora guhindura. Joseph Doob na Paul Halmos babigaragaje mu myaka ya 1930, kandi Edward Thorp, watsinze blackjack koko abara amakarita, yasobanuye ibyo bisaba: buri tega riri munsi ya zeru, amazunguruka yigengaimibareAmazunguruka yigengaBuri zunguruka rifite amahirwe amwe uko amateka yaba ari kose. Ni ryo shingiro rya buri mubare ubarwa kuri uru rubuga.Soma byose →, itega rinini ntarengwa n'itega rito ntarengwa ku meza. Igitabo cye cyo kwigisha cyo mu 1966 gitanga igihamya cyoroheje.
Imbibi z'Amatega ku Meza ya RouletteAmazunguruka ya Roulette Yigenga
Ibyakoze
Ibintu bitatu, byose bijyanye n'uruziga rufatika. Ukubogama: uruziga rufite utuzuibikoreshoAkazuKamwe mu tuzu 37 twanditseho imibare turi kuri rotor. Nanone: slot, cup.Soma byose → tudafite amahirwe angana, rubonwa handitswe amazunguruka ibihumbi. Guhanura: gupima igihe cy'agapiraibikoreshoAgapiraAgapira gato koherezwa mu nzira kerekeza mu cyerekezo kinyuranye n'icya rotor. Udupira tw'iki gihe dukozwe muri ivorine cyangwa Teflon, mm 18–21.Soma byose → na rotoribikoreshoRotorIgice cy'uruziga kizenguruka gitwaye utuzu.Soma byose → kugira ngo ugereranye igice cy'uruzigauruzigaIgice cy'uruzigaUmuheto w'utuzu dukurikirana ku ruziga, bitandukanye n'itsinda ku mbonerahamwe y'amatega.Soma byose → kazaguramo, byakozwe na mudasobwa zihishe guhera mu myaka ya 1970. Umukono wa kurupiye: igitekerezo cy'uko uburyo kurupiye arekuramo agapira buhoraho bihagije ku buryo aho kagwa haguteganywa, kitigeze kigaragazwa mu buryo bwemeza. Byose uko ari bitatu bisaba uruziga rufatika, kwitegereza igihe kirekire na kazino itarabibona.
Joseph Jagger asaba ko ibisubizo by'inziga za Monte Carlo byandikwa, abona imibare isohoka kenshi cyane, maze atsinda menshi kugeza kazino yimuye inziga zayo hanyuma ikazisimbuza.
Charles Wells “amara banki” afite amahirwe adasanzwe n'uburyo atigeze asobanura. Agaruka muri iyo mbeho maze agatakaza igice cyabyo.
Edward Thorp na Claude Shannon bakora mudasobwa ya mbere yambarwa yo gupima igihe cy'agapira ka roulette. Ibikoresho bikora rimwe na rimwe; umushinga ureka.
The Eudaemons bo muri Santa Cruz bakoresha mudasobwa zihishe muri kazino za Nevada. Inyungu nyayo, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bitizewe, nta mutungo.
Gonzalo García-Pelayo n'umuryango we bandika hafi amazunguruka 5.000 kuri buri ruziga hafi ya Madrid, babona inziga zibogamye, baratsinda, barabuzwa kwinjira, maze urukiko rukuraho ibyo kubuzwa.
Abakinnyi batatu batsindira £1,3 miliyoni muri Ritz i Londres bahanura aho agapira kagwa. Havuzwe laser ariko ntiyigeze igaragazwa ko yabayeho; bagumana ibyo batsindiye.
Small na Tse batangaza inyandiko ya fiziki igaragaza ko inyungu ya ku ijana make ishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe gupima igihe mu miterere ya laboratwari.
Impamvu bitagikora
Kazino zihinduranya wheel headibikoreshoWheel headBivuga kimwe na rotor: igice kizenguruka gitwaye imibare.Soma byose → hagati ya bowlibikoreshoBowlIgice cy'inyuma cy'uruziga kidakaraga: inkengero y'igiti cyangwa y'ibikoresho bivanze ifata inzira y'agapira na apron, imbere muri yo rotor ikazenguruka.Soma byose →, ziringaniza bowl, zipima utuzu kandi zigasimbuza fretibikoreshoFretUrukuta rw'icyuma rutandukanya utuzu tubiri ku ruziga.Soma byose → ku gihe cyagenwe, ibyo bigatsinda ukubogama. Sitidiyo z'imbonankubone zifunga amatega mbere y'uko agapira kagabanya umuvuduko kandi zigashyiraho ubukererwe buhoraho bw'amashusho, ibyo bigatsinda gupima igihe. Inzego nyinshi zigize icyaha ibikoresho byo guhanura. Abakurupiye basabwa guhindura uko barekura agapira. Igisubizo cy'ukuri ku ruziga rw'iki gihe rwitaweho muri kazino cyangwa sitidiyo ifite uruhushya ni oya.
Uko watsinda roulette, mu ihame gusa: icyo byasaba
Reka tuvuge ko akazu gasohoka 1 muri 33 aho kuba 1 muri 37. Straight upitegaStraight upUmubare umwe, yishyura 35:1.Soma byose → kuri ako kazu ifite EV = 35/33 − 32/33 = +3/33 ≈ +9%. Kugira ngo umenye ko akazu kabogamye aho kuba gafite amahirwe, ukenera hafi amazunguruka 10.000 yanditswe yo kuri urwo ruziga nyirizina; kugira ngo ukungukireho ukenera ko uruziga rutagira icyo ruhinduka igihe urimo kurutegaho. Amapaji ya Laboratwari asobanura ibarurishamibare; amapaji y'amateka asobanura ibyabaye ku bantu babikoze.
Igisubizo cy'ukuri
Ku musomyi ufite uburyo: ntibuzakora, kandi ushobora kubyemeza ukoresheje amagerageza ari kuri uru rubuga mu gice cy'umunsi. Ku musomyi ufite ikayi n'ukwihangana: ukubogama kubaho mu ihame kandi gukurwaho n'ubuhanga mu bikorwa. Kuri buri wese: roulette ni ukugura. Ishyura igiciro wishimiye, ku muvuduko uhitamo, ku ruziga rufite zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icyatsi katafatwa n'itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi, irya dazeni cyangwa iry'inkingi; ni ho inyungu ya kazino ikomoka. Nanone: zeru imwe, 0.Soma byose → imwe na la partageitegekoLa partageItegeko ry'Igifaransa: iyo zeru isohotse, kimwe cya kabiri cy'itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi kirasubizwa. Rigabanya inyungu ya kazino kuri ayo matega kabiri, ikagera kuri 1,35%.Soma byose → niba ushobora kuruhabona.
Ibibazo
Oya. “Abatsinze” bamamaye bakoresheje uburyo nka Charles Wells batsinze ku bw'amahirwe kandi batakaza igice cyabyo.
Mu ihame. Muri kazino cyangwa sitidiyo y'iki gihe kwatahurwa kugakosorwa mbere y'uko ugira amakuru ahagije yo kukungukiraho.
Si mu nzego nyinshi, kandi ntizishobora gukoreshwa ku meza y'imbonankubone afunga amatega mbere y'uko agapira kagabanya umuvuduko.
Akanya k'urwenya
Fiziki, si amashusho y'ibisubizo. Kandi ntibigikora.
Inkomoko
- RouletteDoc. Incamake y'ingamba za roulette.
- Roulette77. Incamake y'ingamba za roulette.
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”
- Thorp, E. O. Elementary Probability.
- Doob, J. L. “Note on probability.”
- Halmos, P. R. “Invariants of certain stochastic transformations: the mathematical theory of gambling systems.”
- Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie.
- Small, M. & Tse, C. K. “Predicting the outcome of roulette.”
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.
- Chellel, K. “The Gambler Who Beat Roulette.”