Roulette mu Buvanganzo

Lablée, 1801

La Roulette, ou le Jour ni igitabo cy'inkuru kibonekamo, ku bw'amahirwe, ibisobanuro bya mbere byuzuye by'umukino: ibyumba bya Palais-Royal, zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icyatsi katafatwa n'itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi, irya dazeni cyangwa iry'inkingi; ni ho inyungu ya kazino ikomoka. Nanone: zeru imwe, 0.Soma byose → zombi, imbonerahamwe y'amategaibikoreshoImbonerahamwe y'amategaImbonerahamwe yo gutega yanditse ku meza. Nanone: ameza, igitambaro cy'ameza.Soma byose →, amagambo y'abakurupiyeabantuKurupiye (croupier)Kurupiye uyobora ameza ya roulette.Soma byose →. Ni yo nkomoko y'ibanze ku nkomoko ya roulette kandi hafi ya nta muntu wagisomye nk'igitabo cy'inkuru, kandi birashoboka ko bikwiye.

Dostoevsky, 1866

The Gambler cyanditswe mu minsi 26, kivugwa undi acyandika, kugira ngo hubahirizwe amasezerano kandi hishyurwe imyenda y'urusimbi yari yafatiwe i Wiesbaden n'i Homburg. Uvuga inkuru, Alexei, ni umwarimu mu muryango w'Abarusiya i “Roulettenburg” utsindira umutungo ku meza akawutakaza, kandi akitakaza ubwe, uko igitabo kigenda. Ibisobanuro by'ameza, uburyo abakinnyi bakoresha, icyizere cy'uko uruhererekane rugomba kurangira n'uko intsinzi yumvikana nk'ubushishozi, ni inkuru nziza kurusha izindi y'ikosa ry'umukinnyi w'urusimbi mu rurimi urwo ari rwo rwose, yanditswe hafi imyaka mirongo itanu mbere ya za mukaraitegaUmukaraItega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi ku mibare 18 y'umukara. Mu Gifaransa: noir.Soma byose → 26 n'ikinyejana mbere y'ubukungu bushingiye ku myitwarire.

Bad Homburg na Kazino zo mu Mijyi y'Amazi AshyushyeRoulettenburg ya Dostoevsky

Thackeray n'imijyi y'amazi ashyushye

Vanity Fair irangira Becky Sharp ari ku meza y'umujyi w'amazi ashyushye wo mu Budage, kandi icyo gice ni ishusho ityaye y'abicaraga bazengurutse uruziga rwa roulette mu myaka ya 1840: abahombye, abafite icyizere, abarambiwe n'ababigize umwuga. Thackeray yari yarabibonye; Baden-Baden yari mu nzira ya buri mugenzi w'Umwongereza. Smoke ya Turgenev (1867) ibera mu byumba bimwe.

Jack London, 1912

“Shorty Dreams”, inkuru iri muri Smoke Bellew, ni yo nkuru y'impimbano yonyine isobanura neza umukinnyi wa roulette utsinda, kuko uwo mukinnyi adakoresha uburyo bwo gutega. Smoke Bellew, umugabo w'i San Francisco wabaye umushakashatsi wa zahabu muri Klondike, yicara ku meza ya roulette mu kabari ka Elkhorn i Dawson maze atangira gutsinda, ijoro ku rindi, amadolari 3.500 icyarimwe. Mugenzi we Shorty yemeza ko agomba kuba arota. Abakinnyi b'urusimbi b'i Dawson, bazi bivuye ku “bahanga mu mibare bo mu makaminuza” ko roulette ubwayo ari bwo buryo bwonyine, buzuza amakaye bagerageza gusobanukirwa amatega ye ntibagira icyo babona, kuko Smoke ahinduranya imikinire ye abigambiriye, rimwe agatsindwa amatega mirongo ine y'imbibi akurikiranye kugira ngo ayobye ishusho.

Abafite imikino icumi bo mu mujyi bahuriza hamwe banki y'amadolari 10.000 mu cyumba cy'inyuma maze bamutumira kuyihangana. Ayimara mu isaha imwe n'igice. Bahuye no kugabanya imbibi zabo zikagera kuri senti cyangwa gufunga ameza, bamubaza amafaranga yagurishaho uburyo bwe. Amadolari ibihumbi mirongo itatu, ni ko avuga, ibihumbi bitatu kuri buri wese, bishyurwa mu mukungugu wa zahabu, kandi azasezeranya ko atazongera kubukinira i Dawson. Barishyura. Hanyuma arabereka: iyo agapiraibikoreshoAgapiraAgapira gato koherezwa mu nzira kerekeza mu cyerekezo kinyuranye n'icya rotor. Udupira tw'iki gihe dukozwe muri ivorine cyangwa Teflon, mm 18–21.Soma byose → karekuwe 9 iteganye n'ufite ameza, 26 iratsinda; 11 iteganye izana zeru ebyiriubwokoZeru ebyiriAkazu ka 00 k'uruziga rw'Abanyamerika. Kuba gahari bizamura inyungu ya kazino kuva kuri 2,70% kugeza kuri 5,26%.Soma byose →; zeru ebyiri ziteganye zizana 32. “Ntibihora bibaho, ariko akenshi birabaho.” Big Burke ahagarika uruziga, akarureba, akareba imbabura iri iruhande rw'ameza, maze aratukana. Uruziga rwagoramye kubera ubushyuhe. Ntibwigeze buba uburyo; byari uruziga rubogamyelaboratwariUruziga rubogamyeUruziga rufite inenge z'umubiri zituma utuzu tumwe tugira amahirwe arenze 1/37. Ni gake, kandi rutahurwa gusa n'amazunguruka ibihumbi byanditswe.Soma byose → n'umugabo wabibonye.

London yari yaramaze itumba muri Klondike mu 1897–98 kandi yari azi utubari. Iyi nkuru ni isomo ryuzuye ryo gukina ushaka inyungu hafi imyaka mirongo itanu mbere ya Thorp: itegereze, andika, tega ku gice cy'uruzigauruzigaIgice cy'uruzigaUmuheto w'utuzu dukurikirana ku ruziga, bitandukanye n'itsinda ku mbonerahamwe y'amatega.Soma byose →, hinduranya uburyo kugira ngo kazino itabona ibyo ubona, kandi ugurishe mbere y'uko bimura ameza. Joseph Jagger yari yarabikoze koko i Monte Carlo ahagana mu 1880; verisiyo ya London irasekeje kurushaho kandi isomo ry'abakinnyi b'urusimbi ku mpamvu uburyo budashobora gukora rifite ukuri nk'ikindi icyo ari cyo cyose kuri uru rubuga.

Roulette ya Monte CarloIgihuha: Ingamba za Roulette Zihora Zitsinda

Fleming, 1953

Casino Royale ahanini ni baccarat. Muri roulette, Bond ashyigikira dazeniitegaDazeni1–12, 13–24 cyangwa 25–36, yishyura 2:1.Soma byose → ebyiri za mbere ku itega rinini ry'ameza, afata bibiri bya gatatu by'imbonerahamwe y'amatega, kandi muri icyo gice atsinda amazunguruka atandatu muri arindwi; Fleming amwerekana avuga ko buri zunguruka ritagira isano n'iryabanje. “Ingamba ya James Bond” igurishwa kuri interineti, itega rigabanyijwe kuri 19–36, six lineitegaSix lineImibare itandatu iri mu mirongo ibiri yegeranye, yishyura 5:1. Mu Gifaransa: sixain.Soma byose → 13–18 na zeru, ntiri muri icyo gitabo, cyangwa mu bindi bitabo bya Fleming twagenzuye; uwayihaye izina rya Bond bwa mbere ntazwi. Amatega yombi atwara 2,70% ku ruziga rwa zeru imwe. Igice cy'Ingamba zo Gutega muri Roulette gifite imibare.

Imbibi z'Amatega ku Meza ya Roulette

Inkuru z'ukuri

The Eudaemonic Pie ya Thomas Bass (1985) ivuga inkuru ya mudasobwa zo mu nkweto kandi ni cyo gitabo cyiza kurusha ibindi ku bugenge bwa roulette ku musomyi usanzwe. Richard Epstein na Stewart Ethier banditse imibare ikomeye. Beating the Wheel ya Russell Barnhart (1983) ikusanya amateka yo gukina ku kubogama. Nta muntu wanditse igitabo cyoroshye gusoma ku mpamvu uburyo bwo gutega bunanirwa, kuko bikwira ku ipaji imwe, iyo uru rubuga rufite.

The Eudaemons

Ibyo inkuru z'impimbano zizi

Ko uburyo bwo gutega ari uburyo bwo kumva ufite ubushobozi. Ko intsinzi yumvikana nk'ubumenyi. Ko uruhererekane rudashobora gukomeza rukomeza. Ko umukinnyi wenyine utsinda koko ari uwabonye ikibazo ku ruziga, kandi ko agomba kugurisha vuba. Ko ameza ari ho umuntu agaragaza uwo ari we iyo igisubizo kitari mu biganza bye. Imibare ivuga ibintu bimwe mu mibare; abanditsi b'ibitabo by'inkuru ni bo babanje kubivuga.

Ibibazo