Ingamba za Roulette za D'Alembert
Ingamba za roulette za D’Alembert zongeraho inite imwe nyuma yo gutsindwa, zigakuraho imwe nyuma yo gutsinda.
Ntizitsinda uruziga. Ni uruhererekane rw'amategaingambaUruhererekane rw'amategaItegeko iryo ari ryo ryose rihindura itega hashingiwe ku bisubizo byabanje. Impererekane mbi ziryongera nyuma yo gutsindwa, inziza nyuma yo gutsinda.Soma byose → rusanzwe ruringaniye kurusha izindi: amatega yiyongera buhoro, igabanuka ry'igishoro riringaniye, kandi inyungu ya kazino ntikorwaho.
Genda ku buryo
Igihombo kizamura intambwe imwe. Intsinzi isubiza inyuma intambwe imwe.
Amatega n'ibisubizo biri mu nite z'itega ry'ibanze.
Uburyo bwa D’Alembert muri roulette, intambwe ku yindi
Tega initeamafarangaIniteItega ry'ibanze uburyo cyangwa umukinnyi akoresha. Impererekane z'amatega zisobanurwa mu nite kugira ngo zikoreshwe ku meza ayo ari yo yose.Soma byose → imwe. Watsindwa, itega rikurikiraho riruta iryabanje inite imwe. Watsinda, riba rito ho inite imwe, ariko ntirijya munsi y'imwe. Ni ibyo gusa. Tekereza umunzani: buri gihombo kizamura itega intambwe imwe, buri ntsinzi ikarimanura. Icyizere kiri inyuma yabyo ni uko intsinzi n'ibihombo bizangana, bityo itega rikazagaruka ku ry'ibanze. Igikurura abantu ni uko buri ntsinzi imwe n'igihombo kimwe ku matega yegeranye bitanga +1 inite: utakaza 3, utsinda 4, igisubizo nyacyo +1.
Umukino uba umeze ute?
Woroheje, ufite itega rigenda rizamuka buhoro. Kubera ko ku matega yishyura kimwe ku kindi ibihombo biruta intsinzi 19 kuri 18, itega rizamuka buhoro mu mukino muremure. Kubera ko itega riba riri hejuru iyo wagiye utsindwa, rikaba hasi iyo utsinda, itega ry'impuzandengo mu bihe byo gutsindwa riruta iry'impuzandengo mu bihe byo gutsinda. Imikino iroroshye kurusha MartingaleingambaMartingaleUruhererekane rw'amatega rukuba itega kabiri nyuma ya buri gutsindwa. Reba igice cy'Ingamba umenye icyo rukora n'icyo rudakora.Soma byose →, ifite igabanuka ry'igishoroamafarangaIgabanuka ry'igishoroIgabanuka kuva ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'igishoro kugeza ku rwego rwo hasi rwakurikiyeho mu mukino umwe. Igabanuka rinini ni irinini muri ayo.Soma byose → riringaniye kandi nta manga, kandi ku mpuzandengo itakaza bike kurenza gutega itega rihorahoingambaGutega itega rihorahoGutega amafaranga angana kuri buri zunguruka. Ni yo ngero buri ruhererekane rw'amatega rugereranywa na yo.Soma byose → kuko itega ry'impuzandengo riri hejuru.
- p10 −$500
- p25 −$500
- mediane −$500
- p75 −$500
- p90 −$500
Ese uburyo bwa D’Alembert burakora?
Oya. Umukino uringaniye uratsinda, ariko imikino ntigumana uburinganire. Nyuma y'intsinzi w n'ibihombo l ku matega yegeranye, igisubizo nyacyo ni w − l inite wongeyeho ikosora rishingiye ku ntambwe wari uriho. Niba w = l, igisubizo ni +w inite nyine, bisa n'inyungu yizewe. Ikibazo ni uko w = l atari byo biteganyijwe: mu mazunguruka 37 uteganya intsinzi 18 n'ibihombo 19. Igihombo kimwe cy'inyongera ku itega ryazamutse rikagera, urugero, ku nite 8 gitwara byinshi kurusha ibyo inshuro umunani za +1 zinjije. Ibiteganyijwe ni −1/37 by'amafaranga yose yategeweamafarangaAmafaranga yose yategeweAmafaranga yose yategewe mu mukino umwe cyangwa mu gihe runaka, harimo n'intsinzi zongeye gutegwa. Nanone: handle, action.Soma byose →, nk'uko bigomba kuba.
Kuki imikino migufi akenshi itsinda?
Umukino uringaniye ni igice cy'itegeko rimwe rireba buri mukino. Reka D ibe umubare w'ibihombo ukuyemo umubare w'intsinzi. Umukino w'amazunguruka N utangirira ku nite imwe urangira kuri (N − D²)/2 − D inite, igihe cyose nta tega ry'inite imwe ritsinze (nyuma y'intsinzi nk'iyo itega nta ho riba rishobora kumanukira). Iyo D = 0 biba +N/2, ya +w yo mu gice kiri hejuru. Buri gihombo cy'inyongera kibarwa kikubye ubwacyo: nyuma y'amazunguruka 100, D ingana na 4 isiga +38 inite, D ingana na 8 isiga +10, naho D ingana na 10 isiga −10. Amahirwe yonyine akwirakwiza D hafi √N, ni ukuvuga icumi nyuma y'amazunguruka 100, kandi mu mukino utagira zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icyatsi katafatwa n'itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi, irya dazeni cyangwa iry'inkingi; ni ho inyungu ya kazino ikomoka. Nanone: zeru imwe, 0.Soma byose →, inyungu z'imikino myinshi iringaniye n'ibihombo by'imike ibogamye birasibana neza. Zeru yongeraho igihombo kimwe cy'inyongera buri mazunguruka 37 ku mpuzandengo, kandi kubera ko D ikubwa ubwayo, ikiguzi cyayo kiyongera vuba kurusha umukino. Imikino myinshi kugeza ku mazunguruka 100 irangira mu nyungu; impuzandengo yo ntijya ibikora, kandi uko amazunguruka arenga amagana make, imikino myinshi na yo iratsindwa.
Bite uramutse ubihinduye?
Contra-D’Alembert, nanone yitwa D’Alembert ihindukiye, yongeraho inite nyuma yo gutsinda igakuraho imwe nyuma yo gutsindwa. Ihindura iy'umwimerere neza neza. Igihe cyose nta tega ry'inite imwe ritsinzwe, umukino w'amazunguruka N urangira kuri (D² − N)/2 + D inite, aho D noneho ari intsinzi ukuyemo ibihombo. Umukino uringaniye utakaza igice cy'inite kuri buri zunguruka, kandi uruhererekane rw'intsinzi zirusha cyane ibihombo ni rwo rwonyine rutanga inyungu. Bityo imikino myinshi itakaza bike, mike igatsinda byinshi, ibinyuranye n'imiterere y'iy'umwimerere, kandi impuzandengo ni 2,70% zimwe by'amafaranga yategewe.
D’Alembert yari nde?
Jean le Rond d’Alembert, umuhanga mu mibare akaba n'umwe mu banditsi bayoboye Encyclopédie, yavuze mu nyandiko yo mu 1754 ko nyuma y'uruhererekane rw'umutwe, umurizo uba ufite amahirwe menshi kurushaho. Yibeshyaga, kandi ikosa ryitiriwe izina rye ni ubwoko bw'ikosa ry'umukinnyi w'urusimbi. Uburyo bwa D’Alembert muri roulette bwamwitiriwe nyuma, n'abakinnyi b'urusimbi bari bahuje na we icyo cyizere. Si we wabuhimbye kandi birashoboka ko atari kubushyigikira.
Ese hari ubundi bwoko?
Contra-D’Alembert, yavuzwe hejuru, yitwara nka ParoliingambaParoliUruhererekane rw'amatega rwiza: kuba kabiri nyuma yo gutsinda, gusubira ku ntangiriro nyuma yo gutsindwa cyangwa nyuma yo gutsinda gatatu gukurikiranya. Nanone: Martingale ihindukiye.Soma byose → yoroheje. Abakinnyi bamwe bongeraho inite ebyiri nyuma yo gutsindwa bagakuraho imwe nyuma yo gutsinda, bigatuma amadarajya acuramye cyane yegera Martingale. Ubwoko bwose bufite igihombo giteganyijweimibareIgihombo giteganyijweAgaciro gateganyijwe gakubye amafaranga yose yategewe; igihombo mpuzandengo mu mukino umwe cyangwa mu gihe runaka.Soma byose → kimwe kuri buri nite yategewe.
Igerageza · D'Alembert
Imikino 2.000 y'amatega yishyura kimwe ku kindi uhereye ku gishoro cyo gukina cya $1.000.
Itega ry'ibanze $10 · imbibi z'ameza $500 · amazunguruka 100 kuri buri mukino
Uruhererekane rw'ibihombo ruza kangahe
Itega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi ku ruziga rufite zeru imwe ritsindwa amazunguruka 19 kuri 37. Buri murongo ni amahirwe y'uko amazunguruka runaka yose atsindwa, n'ibyo umukinnyi wa D’Alembert, wongeraho itega ry'ibanze rimwe nyuma ya buri gihombo, aba amaze guhomba icyo gihe.
| ibihombo bikurikirana | amahirwe | hafi 1 kuri | ibyahombwe kugeza ubu | itega rikurikira |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 51,4% | 2 | $1 | $2 |
| 2 | 26,4% | 4 | $3 | $3 |
| 3 | 13,5% | 7 | $6 | $4 |
| 4 | 7,0% | 14 | $10 | $5 |
| 5 | 3,6% | 28 | $15 | $6 |
| 6 | 1,8% | 55 | $21 | $7 |
| 7 | 0,94% | 106 | $28 | $8 |
| 8 | 0,48% | 207 | $36 | $9 |
| 9 | 0,25% | 403 | $45 | $10 |
| 10 | 0,13% | 784 | $55 | $11 |
| 11 | 0,065% | 1527 | $66 | $12 |
| 12 | 0,034% | 2974 | $78 | $13 |
| 13 | 0,017% | 5792 | $91 | $14 |
| 14 | 0,0089% | 11279 | $105 | $15 |
| 15 | 0,0046% | 21965 | $120 | $16 |
Amahirwe ni 19/37 akubwe ubwayo rimwe kuri buri gihombo, ubaze uhereye ku izunguruka runaka. Umukino muremure ugira amazunguruka menshi uruhererekane nk'urwo rushobora gutangiriraho, bityo mu mugoroba umwe birashoboka cyane kurusha uko umurongo umwe ubyerekana.
Ibibazo
Nta manga igira, bituma iba uruhererekane rubi rworoheje kurusha izindi. Ntihendutse kurusha gutega itega rihoraho; ihenda gato kurushaho.
Imbibi z'amezaamezaImbibi z'amezaItega rito n'irinini byemewe. Imbibi zo hejuru ni zo zihagarika impererekane zikuba kabiri.Soma byose → cyangwa igishoro cyo gukinaamafarangaIgishoro cyo gukinaAmafaranga yose yashyizwe ku ruhande yo gukina. Gucunga igishoro ni ukwemeza ingano yacyo uzashyira mu kaga kuri buri tega no kuri buri mukino.Soma byose → cyawe gusa. Mu mukino muremure wo gutsindwa, rizamuka ubudahwema.
Kwishimisha n'Imibare
Banza ubigerageze ubwawe. Buri gisubizo kirapfunyitse; ugifungure igihe witeguye.
Ukina D’Alembert ku mutukuitegaUmutukuItega ryishyura kimwe ku kindi ku mibare 18 y'umutuku. Mu Gifaransa: rouge.Soma byose → mu mazunguruka 50, utangiriye kuri niteamafarangaIniteItega ry'ibanze uburyo cyangwa umukinnyi akoresha. Impererekane z'amatega zisobanurwa mu nite kugira ngo zikoreshwe ku meza ayo ari yo yose.Soma byose → imwe, kandi ntutsinde na rimwe itega rya nite imwe (nyuma y'intsinzi nk'iyo itega ntiryabona aho rimanukira). Urangiza ufite ibihombo 27 n'intsinzi 23. Uri imbere cyangwa inyuma ho nite zingahe? Naho ufite ibihombo 29 n'intsinzi 21?
Erekana igisubizo
Igisubizo Nite +13 ufite ibihombo 27, nite −15 ufite 29. Amazunguruka abiri muri mirongo itanu ajya ukundi atwara nite 28.
Yita D ibihombo ukuyemo intsinzi. Igisubizo ni (N − D²)/2 − D ku mazunguruka N. Ufite ibihombo 27 n'intsinzi 23, D = 4: (50 − 16)/2 − 4 = 17 − 4 = +13. Ufite 29 na 21, D = 8: (50 − 64)/2 − 8 = −7 − 8 = −15.
Impamvu iri tegeko rihora ari ukuri: itega buri gihe ni nite imwe wongeyeho ibihombo bimaze kuba ukuyemo intsinzi zimaze kuba. Buri gihombo intsinzi ikurikiraho ivanaho gikora umubyizi, uhomba s hanyuma ugatsinda s + 1, bitanga nite +1 nyacyo, nk'uko imbonerahamwe iri hejuru ibyerekana. Mu mazunguruka N, hakorwa imibyizi (N − D)/2 nk'iyo, ifite agaciro ka +(N − D)/2. Ibihombo D bisigaye byategewe ku matega 1, 2 … D mu kuzamuka kandi ntibyigeze bivanwaho; bitwara 1 + 2 + … + D = D(D + 1)/2. Hamwe: (N − D)/2 − D(D + 1)/2 = (N − D²)/2 − D.
Kare ni yo nkuru yose. Igihe cyo gukina kiringaniye cyishyura kimwe cya kabiri cya nite kuri buri zunguruka, kandi buri ntambwe yose ivuye ku buringanire itwara byinshi kurusha iyayibanjirije.
Ukina D’Alembert ihinduye ku mutuku mu mazunguruka 100, utangiriye kuri nite imwe, kandi nta tega rya nite imwe ritsindwa na rimwe. Urangiza ufite intsinzi 52 n'ibihombo 48. Uhagaze he? Naho ufite intsinzi 60 n'ibihombo 40?
Erekana igisubizo
Igisubizo Nite −38 ufite intsinzi 52, +170 ufite 60. Kurusha gato mu ntsinzi biracyahomba; ni ukurusha cyane gusa kwishyura.
Yita D intsinzi ukuyemo ibihombo. Igisubizo ni (D² − N)/2 + D ku mazunguruka N.
Intsinzi 52 n'ibihombo 48: D = 4, bityo (16 − 100)/2 + 4 = −42 + 4 = −38.
Intsinzi 60 n'ibihombo 40: D = 20, bityo (400 − 100)/2 + 20 = 150 + 20 = +170.
Impamvu: buri ntsinzi igihombo gikurikiraho kivanaho ikora umubyizi, utsinda kuri s hanyuma ugahomba kuri s + 1, bitanga −1 nyacyo. Intsinzi D zisigaye zategewe ku matega 1, 2 … D mu kuzamuka kandi ntizivanwaho; zinjiza D(D + 1)/2. Mu mazunguruka N, hakorwa imibyizi (N − D)/2, bityo igiteranyo ni D(D + 1)/2 − (N − D)/2 = (D² − N)/2 + D.
Ni itegeko rya D’Alembert y'umwimerere ibimenyetso byahinduwe: ho, uburinganire butsinda kimwe cya kabiri cya nite kuri buri zunguruka kandi kutaringanira guhanwa; hano, uburinganire butwara kimwe cya kabiri cya nite kuri buri zunguruka kandi kutaringanira guhembwa.
Akanya k'urwenya
Yitiriwe umuhanga mu mibare wibeshye ku giceri.
Inkomoko
- RouletteDoc. Ibisobanuro by'ingamba n'ingero.
- Roulette77. Ibisobanuro by'ingamba n'ingero.
- d’Alembert, J. “Croix ou pile.”
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.